StudentShare
Contact Us
Sign In / Sign Up for FREE
Search
Go to advanced search...
Free

Bioterrorist Attacks - Assignment Example

Cite this document
Summary
The present assignment "Bioterrorist Attacks" is focused on the health problems caused by biological weapons. According to the text, federal and state organizations sought medical options. The relevant federal and state public health bodies had not anticipated SARS and Anthrax outbreaks. …
Download full paper File format: .doc, available for editing
GRAB THE BEST PAPER94.7% of users find it useful
Bioterrorist Attacks
Read Text Preview

Extract of sample "Bioterrorist Attacks"

Public Health Assignment SARS and Anthrax Outbreaks Federal and state organizations sought medical options(Hunter, 2009). The relevant federal and state public health bodies had not anticipated SARS and Anthrax outbreaks. World Health Organization had issue warnings about the spread rate of the diseases that had not yet confirmed if they were caused naturally or through bioterrorist attacks. The public health officials decided to ration medication. The distribution of medications and vaccines were needed in urgency, but they were not adequate for all cases. Conversely, the decision by public health officers altered the social order where every individual deserved equal protection from the menace. The distribution plan was not explicit. The public health officials sought for mass quarantine for the rampant cases of anthrax and SARS cases that were reported. The contemporary mass quarantine was the best method for containing outbreaks that had high levels of transmission. It was not possible for public health officials to pinpoint isolated cases of SARS and Anthrax infections. Therefore, contemporary mass quarantines were the best ways to caution the transmission of the pandemic. The decision to use mass quarantine was effective and it received government backup in 2003 outbreaks. The government issued quarantine both at home, and work and the success depended on how the public would initiate and implement the programs (Hunter, 2009). There were travel restrictions following SARS and Anthrax outbreaks. The process of protecting in and outbound travelers included distribution of alert notifications and visual inspections. CDC undertook the procedures that reached out to at least 2.7 million people in United States(Hunter, 2009). The program faced challenges due to many checkpoints within the airports. Travel advisories followed the screening procedures. The official response for issuing travel restrictions and advisories were relevant for containment purposes of SARS and Anthrax. However, the screening procedures stalled the flight operations. The screening process was for the greater good of the public but it could have been distributedin other areas to avoid congestion. The best response from the public health officers was mass quarantine. The method proved effective for SARS and Anthrax pandemic that did not target individuals. The level of transmission was high and needed a fast and effective prevention method. However, choosing medication ration did not amount to form of help except putting at risk the populations that were not covered by the distribution plan. Question #2: Botulism CDC classifies Botulism as a category-A disease or agent that can be a potential bioterrorist agent. Botulism is a high priority agent that can be transmitted from one person to another (Atrainceu.com, 2015). The disease can cause panic and social disruption. Public health procedures are essential in the event Botulism is mass produced and disseminated with ease. The disease has a high potent in that it can cause fatality in adults for only one microgram. The action of Botulism includes paralysis within the respiratory and muscular regions and eventual death if left untreated. The agent can cause disruption to public health if it occurs within a geographic clustering such as a public event or gathering. Preparations, planning, protocols, and guidelines in place within the U.S to address the impact of a Botulism outbreak or terrorist attack The government has botulism vaccine in case Botulism is used for a terrorist attack or occurs as a natural outbreak.The Department of Defense develops the investigational botulism drug to treat and prevent thespread of botulism because of its ability to spread with relative ease. A botulism epidemic requires a trivalent botulism antitoxin that is providedby CDC and the state health department. The antitoxinis producedwith any form of exposure to botulism agents. The state of health department and CDC has instituted strict procedures for patients who are exposed to the disease. Patients must be skin-tested for any hypersensitivity symptoms before prescription(Atrainceu.com, 2015). Government has also instituted legislation to prepare for Botulism outbreak or terrorist attack. Chemical and Biological Weapons Control Act took effect from 1991. The act allows individuals or community that gets Botulism threat to report to therelevant authority. The military and CDC have been entrusted with a sufficient kitty to contain botulism. The $100 million budget is authorized under the provisions of Defense Authorization Act. The funds are used for acquiring health personnel, training, and detection procedures. Legislationrequires health professional to become the first responders when symptoms of botulism are detected. The protocol for antitoxin features CDC and California Department of Public Health’s Infant Botulism Treatment and Prevention Program(Friedlander, 2009). The two agencies ensure that there is sufficient supply of antitoxin. Relevant state health programs in United States are required to contact CDC to make clinical consultations and arrangement of the botulism antitoxin. The agencies know that prompt diagnosis is critical for an agent that has a relatively high spread rate. Additionally, the outbreak or terrorist attack may escalate to alarming levels to a point of demand mechanical ventilation. CDC and State Health Departments provide the support care. Immunization has also been studied as a viable option for botulism prophylaxis within United States. Question #3: Key Concepts of New Jersey laws New Jersey protects workers through minimum wage laws. New Jersey State Wage and Hour Lawprovide the minimum and overtime wages to shield worker from misuse. The time, mode of payment and a prohibition of wage withholding ensures that workers get their pay on time. The labor laws also accord workers fringe benefits which enjoy during holidays, sick leave and vacation under the provisions of New Jersey Wage Payment and Selected Labor Laws. New Jersey prohibits workers from employing minors. The provisions of New Jersey Child Labor Law and Regulations establish particular occupations, working hours and issuance of certificates to minors. Registrationis essential for all employers who engage in public contracting work. Workersare protected under Public Works Contractor Registration Act and the remuneration packages established by the Act. Healthcare facilities are essential for workers offering their overtime services. Each employer must offer the right health facilities for all workers. New Jersey Laws and FMLA Family and Medical Leave Act correspondto New Jersey Family Leave Act(Lwd.dol.state.nj.us, 2015). Workersget paid for up to 12 weeks when they are in thefamily and medical leave. Job-protectedleave for medical and family reasons ensures that workers cater for expenses arising from the program by virtue of being employed. FMLA and NJFLA provide workers with substantial coverage for workers. However, workers under NJFLA do not get time off work as a result of disability. FMLA fills the gap by ensuring that theemployees with a disability getthe time they deserve in case of serious illness. New Jersey Laws and ADA Americans with Disabilities Act relates to New Jersey Law against Discrimination to establish regulations that prevent any form of discrimination in employment practices. Employers are required to avoidmistreatment based on disability, hereditary disease, genetic test resultsand physical challenge. However, an employer is allowed to preclude a worker when the disability interferes with the job in question. LAD applies to public and private employers of all sizes (Lwd.dol.state.nj.us, 2015). Question #4: CDC Emergency Preparedness and Response for 2009 H1N1 Flu The 2009 H1N1 flu influenza occurred when there were government plans for development, refinement and exercise response plans against the pandemic. CDC teamed up with state and local animal and human health officials to conduct investigations and earth the source of infection. Epidemiologists also conducted relevant surveillance to monitor the extent the virus transmission had taken place. CDC developed a vaccine for H1N1 in April, 2009 to protect the masses against the new virus. The vaccination was followed by Emergency Operations Center in the same month. The process was completed in 2009 when the H1N1 gene sequences were uploaded in thepublic database. The sequences initiated public health research for comparison with other agencies around the world(Cdc.gov, 2009). The milestone for CDC as the leading organization for curbing H1N1 was finding a vaccine for the virus. The process took fast and hardly took four months. The ability to provide emergency and immediate response was pivotal for CDC emergency preparedness and response program. However, CDC regulated the response program exclusively and limited it to laboratories, health officers, at-risk populations and antiviral medications. Additionally, there was less communication to the press, and that could have increased the tension among the members of the public. The influenza had become an international concern that required research beyond United States borders. CDC emergency preparedness and response program for H1N1 was successful. The program covered a scope that provided solutions in United States and world at large. The agency coordinated efforts with WHO in order to address vital aspects of H1N1 and associated illnesses. The surveillance, laboratory and testing that involved H1N1 called for a pool or resources(McEntire, 2007). The resources came from organizations such as Emergency Use Authorization, National Incident Management System and epidemiological input from accredited public health officials. The plan that CDC unleashed was long-term and complex but it took a short period to initiate plans that would see the world free from H1N1. The program summed up the process by uploading gene sequences to public accessible databases. The databases provide a platform for research and comparison with other influenza findings. References Atrainceu.com,.(2015). Biological Weapons | Bioterrorism and Weapons of Mass Destruction. Retrieved from https://www.atrainceu.com/course-module/1628495-98_terrorist-events-module-3 Cdc.gov,. (2009). CDC Novel H1N1 Flu | The 2009 H1N1 Pandemic: Summary Highlights, April 2009-April 2010. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/h1n1flu/cdcresponse.htm Friedlander, M. (2009).Outbreak (2nd ed.). Minneapolis: Lerner Publications. Hunter, N. (2009). The law of emergencies. Burlington, MA: Butterworth-Heinemann. Lwd.dol.state.nj.us,.(2015). Department of Labor and Workforce Development | Laws and Regulations. Retrieved from http://lwd.dol.state.nj.us/labor/wagehour/lawregs/wage_and_hour_laws.html McEntire, D. (2007). Disaster response and recovery.Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. Read More
Cite this document
  • APA
  • MLA
  • CHICAGO
(Bioterrorist Attacks Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 18, n.d.)
Bioterrorist Attacks Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 18. Retrieved from https://studentshare.org/law/1866214-assignment
(Bioterrorist Attacks Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 Words - 18)
Bioterrorist Attacks Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 Words - 18. https://studentshare.org/law/1866214-assignment.
“Bioterrorist Attacks Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 Words - 18”, n.d. https://studentshare.org/law/1866214-assignment.
  • Cited: 0 times

CHECK THESE SAMPLES OF Bioterrorist Attacks

Globalization and Morality

The terrorists have become more organized and more dangerous since they can use these communication devices to organize attacks and converse among themselves.... He says that the terrorists have used the Internet to their own advantage, and it is due to this globalization that terrorists have based their reasons for their attacks (Wright 2).... He fears that the stability that the United States is looking to accomplish with the process of globalization will not be achieved since there are still terrorist attacks that hinder such development....
5 Pages (1250 words) Assignment

An Acute Disease: Dark Lesions on the Mammalian Derma

This paper describes the Bacillus anthracis.... The bacteria may enter the human body by inhalation, through fissures in cutaneous membranes, or through the gastrointestinal tract following ingestion.... Attention has been given to the potential of anthrax as an agent for bioterrorism.... hellip; In the event of discovering mail containing a white, powder-like substance, the package must immediately be treated with the utmost caution, assuming that the material may be either toxic or contagious....
3 Pages (750 words) Research Paper

Should the U.S. Stop Buying Some Imported Foods

The idea of this research emerged from the author's interest and fascination in if the U.... .... would stop buying some imported foods.... The researcher of this essay aims to pay special attention to the reasons imported foods are a risk to the U.... .... hellip; The conclusion from this study states that taking measures to limit imported food and inspect greater percentages of it will increase our odds of emerging through an era of globalization and terrorism as a country intact, still confident in our identity of self-reliance forged with such high sacrifice by our pilgrim and pioneer Americans....
4 Pages (1000 words) Essay

Responding to a Bioterrorist Attack from the Department of Health and Human Services

As the researchers at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health concluded, another important consideration in managing the public education on such possible Bioterrorist Attacks should be that public panic is rare and preventable.... There is a point of confusion considering the view that it cannot practically be used by the terrorist groups and the knowledge of such potential Bioterrorist Attacks.... Botulism study could lead to new vaccines and treatments to counter Bioterrorist Attacks....
2 Pages (500 words) Essay

The Current Local Health Delivery System and Its Relationship in the Community

is a well-prepared, competitive, and a problem-solver in case of in case of an epidemic or bioterrorist attack as facilities and equipment are of high-technology and health care staff are provided with up-to-date knowledge and precaution system.... The essay aims to address a two-fold objective to discuss: (1) to discuss the current local health delivery system and its relationship in the community; and (2) to further study the future health care delivery after five (5) years using interview and information from outside… Health Care System is the total network of agencies, facilities, and health care providers in a specific area....
2 Pages (500 words) Essay

Pursuing Criminal Syndicates

Such attacks aim at striking terror and panic among people (Nations, 2010). Bioterrorism entails the use of… This threat can be unleashed through delivery packages.... The greater threat of this situation is the medical professionals misdiagnosing most of these threatening attacks.... Such attacks aim at striking terror and panic among people (Nations, 2010).... The greater threat of this situation is the medical professionals misdiagnosing most of these threatening attacks....
2 Pages (500 words) Essay

Small pox and letter bombs

Covert attacks may result in the massive outbreak of the disease after about two weeks of incubation.... Covert attacks would have more effects because the outbreak goes completely unnoticed.... The use of bioterrorism and letter bombs are typical examples of possible methods terrorist may use to harm civilians....
2 Pages (500 words) Essay

The Eradication of Smallpox

The main research questions are: What is the history of the eradication of smallpox?... What are the ramifications of maintaining a reserve stock of the virus in research laboratories?... Smallpox has been one of the most fatal infectious diseases to have afflicted humankind in recorded history.... hellip; According to the research findings, it can, therefore, be said that from the earliest recorded occurrences of smallpox we learn that the disease spread rapidly where ever human population was dense and killed one in five of infected persons....
2 Pages (500 words) Research Paper
sponsored ads
We use cookies to create the best experience for you. Keep on browsing if you are OK with that, or find out how to manage cookies.
Contact Us